THE PROBLEM
The current primary powerplants for the heavy-duty industry are diesel engines, which dominate the market. Diesel is ubiquitous in these applications because of its high efficiency and high power/torque capability. Diesel fuel is also a very energy-dense approach for fuel storage. A truck can carry considerable energy onboard, which translates to longer operating ranges. However, it is well-recognized that combustion engines emit significant CO2 emissions, with long-haul trucks forming one of the largest emitting groups.
Both Europe and North America have introduced emissions legislation to drive the adoption of technologies which reduce greenhouse gases. The three largest markets – North America, Europe and China – collectively account for the purchase of ~500,000 new trucks annually with large engines rated above 400HP.